Table of Contents
MEMOIR, CORRESPONDENCE, AND MISCELLANIES, FROM THE PAPERS OF THOMAS JEFFERSON.
Edited by Thomas Jefferson Randolph.
PREFACE.
MEMOIR.
APPENDIX TO THE MEMOIR.
[NOTE A.] Letter to John Saunderson, Esq.
[NOTE B.]—Letter to Samuel A. Wells, Esq.
[NOTE C]—August, 1774, Instructions to the first Delegation
[NOTE D.]—August, 1774., Instructions for the Deputies
[NOTE E.]—Monticello, November 1, 1778.—[Re: Crimes and Punishment]
[NOTE F.]—Coinage for the United States
[NOTE G.]
[NOTE H.]
CORRESPONDENCE
LETTER I.—TO DR. WILLIAM SMALL, May 7, 1775
LETTER II.—TO JOHN RANDOLPH, August 25,1775
LETTER III.—TO JOHN RANDOLPH, November 29, 1775
LETTER IV.—TO BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, August 13, 1777
LETTER V.—TO PATRICK HENRY, March 27, 1779
LETTER VI.—TO JOHN PAGE, January 22, 1779
LETTER VII.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, June 23, 1779
LETTER VIII.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, July 17, 1779
LETTER IX.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, October 1, 1779
LETTER X.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, October 2, 1779
LETTER XI.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, Oct. 8, 1779
LETTER XII.—TO COLONEL MATHEWS, October, 1779
LETTER XIII.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, November 28, 1779
LETTER XIV.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, December 10,1779
LETTER XV.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, February 10, 1780
LETTER XVI.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, June 11, 1780
LETTER XVII.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, July 2, 1780
LETTER XVIII.—TO GENERAL EDWARD STEVENS, August 4, 1780
LETTER XIX.—TO MAJOR GENERAL GATES, August 15, 1780
LETTER XX.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, September 8, 1780
LETTER XXI.—TO GENERAL EDWARD STEVENS, September 12,1780
LETTER XXII.—TO GENERAL EDWARD STEVENS, September 15, 1780
LETTER XXIII.—TO MAJOR GENERAL GATES, September 23, 1780
LETTER XXIV.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, September 23, 1780
LETTER XXV.—TO HIS EXCELLENCY GENERAL WASHINGTON, September 26,1780
TO HIS EXCELLENCY GENERAL WASHINGTON.
LETTER XXVI.—TO MAJOR GENERAL GATES, October 4, 1780
LETTER XXVII.—TO GENERAL GATES, October 15, 1780
LETTER XXVIII.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, October 22, 1780
LETTER XXIX.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, October 25,1780
LETTER XXX.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, October 26, 1780
LETTER XXXI.—TO GENERAL GATES, October 28, 1780
LETTER XXXII.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, November 3,1780
LETTER XXXIII.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, November 10, 1780
LETTER XXXIV.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, November 26, 1780
LETTER XXXV.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, December 15,1780
LETTER XXXVI.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, January 10, 1781
LETTER XXXVII.—TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, Jan. 15, 1781
LETTER XXXVIII.—TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, Jan. 15, 1781
LETTER XXXIX.—TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, Jan. 17, 1781
LETTER XL.—TO THE VIRGINIA DELEGATES IN CONGRESS, Jan. 18, 1781
LETTER XLI.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, February 8, 1781
LETTER XLII.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, February 12, 1781
LETTER XLIII.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, February 17, 1781
LETTER XLIV.—TO GENERAL GATES, February 17, 1781
LETTER XLV.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, February 26,1781
LETTER XLVI.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, March 8, 1781
LETTER XLVII.—TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, March 19,1781
LETTER XLVIII.—TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, March 21, 1781
LETTER XLIX.—TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, March 26,1781
LETTER L.—TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, March 28, 1781
LETTER LI.—TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, March 31, 1781
LETTER LII.—TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, April 7, 1781
LETTER LIII.—TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, April 18, 1781
LETTER LIV.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, April 23,1781
LETTER LV.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, May 9, 1781
LETTER LVI.—TO THE VIRGINIA DELEGATES IN CONGRESS, May 10, 1781
LETTER LVII.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, May 28,1781
LETTER, LVIII.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, April 16, 1784
LETTER LIX.—TO COLONEL URIAH FORREST, October 20, 1784
LETTER LX.—TO JOHN JAY, May 11, 1785
LETTER LXI.—TO GENERAL CHASTELLUX, June 7,1785
LETTER LXII.—TO JOHN ADAMS, June 15, 1785
LETTER LXIII.—TO THE GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA, June 16, 1785
LETTER LXIV.—TO COLONEL MONROE, June 17, 1785
LETTER LXV.—TO CHARLES THOMSON, June 21, 1785
LETTER LXVI.—TO WILLIAM CARMICHAEL, June 22, 1785
LETTER LXVII.—TO JOHN ADAMS, June 23, 1785
LETTER LXVIII.—TO COLONEL MONROE, July 5, 1785
LETTER LXIX.—TO MRS. SPROWLE, July 5,1785
LETTER LXX.—TO JOHN ADAMS, July 7, 1785
LETTER LXXI.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, July 10, 1785
LETTER LXXII.—TO THE GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA, July 11, 1785
LETTER LXXIII.—TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, July 12, 1785
LETTER LXXIV.—TO THE VIRGINIA DELEGATES IN CONGRESS, July 12,1785
LETTER LXXV.—TO JOHN JAY, July 12,1785
LETTER LXXVI.—TO MONSIEUR BRIET, July 13, 1785
TO MONSIEUR BRIET.
LETTER LXXVII.—TO MESSRS. FRENCH AND NEPHEW, July 13,1785
LETTER LXXVIII.—TO DR. STILES, July 17,1785
TO DR. STILES.
LETTER LXXIX.—TO JOHN ADAMS, July 28, 1785
TO JOHN ADAMS.
LETTER LXXX.—TO HOGENDORP, July 29, 1785
LETTER LXXXI.—TO MESSRS. N. AND J. VAN STAPHORST, July 30, 1785
TO MESSRS. N. AND J. VAN STAPHORST, Amsterdam.
LETTER LXXXII.—TO JOHN ADAMS, July 31, 1785
LETTER LXXXIII.—TO M. DE CASTRIES, August 3,1785
LETTER LXXXIV.—TO CAPTAIN JOHN PAUL JONES, August 3,1785
LETTER LXXXV.—TO JOHN ADAMS, August 6, 1785
LETTER LXXXVI.—TO DR. PRICE, August 7,1785
LETTER LXXXVII.—TO JOHN ADAMS, August 10,1785
LETTER LXXXVIII.—TO MRS. SPROWLE, August 10, 1785
LETTER LXXXIX.—TO CAPTAIN JOHN PAUL JONES, August 13, 1785
LETTER XC.—TO MESSRS. BUCHANAN AND HAY, August 13, 1785
LETTER XCI.—TO JOHN JAY, August 14, 1785
LETTER XCII.—TO THE COUNT DE VERGENNES, August 15, 1785
LETTER XCIII.—TO CAPTAIN JOHN PAUL JONES, August 17, 1785
LETTER XCIV.—TO WILLIAM CARMICHAEL, August 18, 1785
LETTER XCV.—TO PETER CARR—Advice to a young man, Aug. 19, 1785
LETTER XCVI.—TO JOHN PAGE, August 20 1785
LETTER XCVII.—TO JOHN JAY, August 23, 1785
LETTER XCVIII.—TO COLONEL MONROE, August 28, 1735
TO COLONEL MONROE.
LETTER XCIX.—TO CAPTAIN JOHN PAUL JONES, August 29,1785
LETTER C.—TO JOHN JAY, August 30,1785
TO JOHN JAY.
LETTER CI.—TO JAMES MADISON, September 1,1785
LETTER CII.—TO MESSRS. DUMAS AND SHORT, September 1, 1785
LETTER CIII.—TO JOHN ADAMS, September 4, 1785
LETTER CIV.—TO DAVID HARTLEY, September 5, 1785
LETTER CV.—TO BARON GEISMER, September 6, 1785
LETTER CVI.—TO JOHN LANGDON, September 11, 1785
LETTER CVII.—LISTER ASQUITH, September 14, 1785
LETTER CVIII.—TO JOHN ADAMS, September 19, 1785
LETTER CIX.—TO JAMES MADISON, September 20, 1785
LETTER CX.—TO EDMUND RANDOLPH, September 20,1785
LETTER CXI.—TO JOHN ADAMS, September 24, 1785
LETTER CXII.—TO JOHN ADAMS, September 24,1785
TO JOHN ADAMS.
LETTER CXIII.—TO F. HOPKINSON, September 25, 1785
LETTER CXIV.—TO LISTER ASQUITH, September 26,1785
LETTER CXV.—TO R. IZARD, September 26,1783
LETTER CXVI.—TO RICHARD O'BRYAN, September 29, 1785
LETTER CXVII.—TO MR. BELLINI, September 30,1785
LETTER CXVIII.—JAMES MADISON, October 2, 1785
LETTER CXIX.—TO DR. FRANKLIN, October 5,1785
LETTER CXX.—TO SAMUEL OSGOOD, October 5, 1785
LETTER CXXI.—TO JOHN JAY, October 6, 1785
LETTER CXXII.—TO ELBRIDGE GERRY, October 11, 1785
LETTER CXXIII.—TO THE COUNT DE VERGENNES, October 11, 1785
LETTER CXXIV.—TO JOHN JAY, October 11,1785
LETTER CXXV.—TO MESSRS. VAN STAPHORST, October 12, 1785
LETTER CXXVI.—TO MONSIEUR DESBORDES, October 12,1785
LETTER CXXVII.—TO HOGENDORP, October 13,1785
LETTER CXXVIII.—TO J. BANNISTER, JUNIOR, October 15,1785
LETTER CXXIX.—TO MR. CARMICHAEL, October 18, 1785
LETTER CXXX.—TO MESSRS. VAN STAPHORSTS, October 25,1785
LETTER CXXXI.—TO WILLIAM CARMICHAEL, November 4, 1785
LETTER CXXXII.—TO RICHARD O'BRYAN, November 4, 1785
LETTER CXXXIII.—TO W. W. SEWARD, November 12,1785
LETTER CXXXIV.—TO THE COUNT DE VERGENNES, November 14,1785
LETTER CXXXV.—TO JOHN ADAMS, November 19, 1785
LETTER CXXXVI.—TO THE COUNT DE VERGENNES, November 20, 1785
LETTER CXXXVII.—TO LISTER ASQUITH, November 23, 1785
LETTER CXXXVIII.—TO JOHN ADAMS, November 27, 1785
LETTER CXXXIX.—TO COLONEL HUMPHREYS, December 4,1785
LETTER CXL.—TO JOHN ADAMS, December 10, 1785
LETTER CXLI.—TO JOHN ADAMS, December 11, 1785
LETTER CXLII.—TO THE COUNT DE VERGENNES, December 21, 1785
LETTER CXLIII.—TO THE GOVERNOR OF GEORGIA, December 22, 1785
LETTER CXLIV.—TO THE GEORGIA DELEGATES IN CONGRESS, Dec. 22, 1785
TO THE GEORGIA DELEGATES IN CONGRESS.
LETTER CXLV.—TO JOHN ADAMS, December 27, 1785
LETTER CXLVI.—TO JOHN JAY, January 2,1786
LETTER CXLVII.—TO T. HOPKINSON, January 3, 1786
LETTER CXLVIII.—TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, January 4, 1786
LETTER CXLIX.—TO A. CARY, January 7, 1786
TO A. CARY.
LETTER CL.—TO MAJOR GENERAL GREENE, January 12, 1786
LETTER CLI.—TO LISTER ASQUITH, January 13, 1786
LETTER CLII.—TO MR. RITTENHOUSE, January 25,1786
LETTER CLIII.—TO A. STEWART, January 25, 1786
LETTER CLIV.—TO THE COMMISSIONERS OF THE TREASURY, January 26, 1786
LETTER CLV.—TO MESSRS. BUCHANAN AND HAY, January 26, 1786
LETTER CLVI.—TO JOHN ADAMS, February 7, 1786
LETTER CLVII.—TO JAMES MADISON, February 8, 1786
TO JAMES MADISON.
LETTER CLVIII.—TO THE MARQUIS DE LA FAYETTE, February 9, 1786
LETTER CLIX.—TO MONSIEUR HILLIARD d'AUBERTEUIL, Feb. 20, 1786
LETTER CLX.—TO THE COUNT DE VERGENNES, February 28,1786
LETTER CLXI.—TO MONSIEUR DE REYNEVAL, March 8, 1786
LETTER CLXII.—TO JOHN JAY, March 12, 1786
LETTER CLXIII.—TO COLONEL HUMPHREYS, March 14, 1786
APPENDIX.
[NOTE A.]—TO THE GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA.
IN COUNCIL, June 18, 1779
[NOTE B]—IN COUNCIL, September 29, 1779.
[NOTE C]—IN COUNCIL, October 8, 1779.
[NOTE D.]—FEMALE CONTRIBUTIONS, IN AID OF THE WAR, probably in 1780
[NOTE E.]—FROM LORD CORNWALLIS
[NOTE F.]—TO LORD CORNWALLIS
MEMOIR, CORRESPONDENCE, AND MISCELLANIES, FROM THE PAPERS OF THOMAS JEFFERSON.
Edited by Thomas Jefferson Randolph.
CONTENTS
PREFACE. MEMOIR. APPENDIX TO THE MEMOIR. [NOTE A.] Letter to John Saunderson, Esq. [NOTE B.] Letter to Samuel A. Wells, Esq. [NOTE C] August, 1774, Instructions to the first Delegation [NOTE D.] August, 1774., Instructions for the Deputies [NOTE E.] Monticello, November 1, 1778. [Re: Crimes and Punishment] [NOTE F.] Coinage for the United States [NOTE G.] [NOTE H.]
CORRESPONDENCE
LETTER I. TO DR. WILLIAM SMALL, May 7, 1775 LETTER II. TO JOHN RANDOLPH, August 25,1775 LETTER III. TO JOHN RANDOLPH, November 29, 1775 LETTER IV. TO BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, August 13, 1777 LETTER V. TO PATRICK HENRY, March 27, 1779 LETTER VI. TO JOHN PAGE, January 22, 1779 LETTER VII. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, June 23, 1779 LETTER VIII. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, July 17, 1779 LETTER IX. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, October 1, 1779 LETTER X. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, October 2, 1779 LETTER XI. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, Oct. 8, 1779 LETTER XII. TO COLONEL MATHEWS, October, 1779 LETTER XIII. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, November 28, 1779 LETTER XIV. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, December 10,1779 LETTER XV. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, February 10, 1780 LETTER XVI. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, June 11, 1780 LETTER XVII. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, July 2, 1780 LETTER XVIII. TO GENERAL EDWARD STEVENS, August 4, 1780 LETTER XIX. TO MAJOR GENERAL GATES, August 15, 1780 LETTER XX. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, September 8, 1780 LETTER XXI. TO GENERAL EDWARD STEVENS, September 12,1780 LETTER XXII. TO GENERAL EDWARD STEVENS, September 15, 1780 LETTER XXIII. TO MAJOR GENERAL GATES, September 23, 1780 LETTER XXIV. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, September 23, 1780 LETTER XXV. TO HIS EXCELLENCY GENERAL WASHINGTON, September 26,1780 LETTER XXVI. TO MAJOR GENERAL GATES, October 4, 1780 LETTER XXVII. TO GENERAL GATES, October 15, 1780 LETTER XXVIII. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, October 22, 1780 LETTER XXIX. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, October 25,1780 LETTER XXX. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, October 26, 1780 LETTER XXXI. TO GENERAL GATES, October 28, 1780 LETTER XXXII. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, November 3,1780 LETTER XXXIII. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, November 10, 1780 LETTER XXXIV. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, November 26, 1780 LETTER XXXV. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, December 15,1780 LETTER XXXVI. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, January 10, 1781 LETTER XXXVII. TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, Jan. 15, 1781 LETTER XXXVIII. TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, Jan. 15, 1781 LETTER XXXIX. TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, Jan. 17, 1781 LETTER XL. TO THE VIRGINIA DELEGATES IN CONGRESS, Jan. 18, 1781 LETTER XLI. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, February 8, 1781 LETTER XLII. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, February 12, 1781 LETTER XLIII. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, February 17, 1781 LETTER XLIV. TO GENERAL GATES, February 17, 1781 LETTER XLV. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, February 26,1781 LETTER XLVI. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, March 8, 1781 LETTER XLVII. TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, March 19,1781 LETTER XLVIII. TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, March 21, 1781 LETTER XLIX. TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, March 26,1781 LETTER L. TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, March 28, 1781 LETTER LI. TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, March 31, 1781 LETTER LII. TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, April 7, 1781 LETTER LIII. TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, April 18, 1781 LETTER LIV. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, April 23,1781 LETTER LV. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, May 9, 1781 LETTER LVI. TO THE VIRGINIA DELEGATES IN CONGRESS, May 10, 1781 LETTER LVII. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, May 28,1781 LETTER, LVIII. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, April 16, 1784 LETTER LIX. TO COLONEL URIAH FORREST, October 20, 1784 LETTER LX. TO JOHN JAY, May 11, 1785 LETTER LXI. TO GENERAL CHASTELLUX, June 7,1785 LETTER LXII. TO JOHN ADAMS, June 15, 1785 LETTER LXIII. TO THE GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA, June 16, 1785 LETTER LXIV. TO COLONEL MONROE, June 17, 1785 LETTER LXV. TO CHARLES THOMSON, June 21, 1785 LETTER LXVI. TO WILLIAM CARMICHAEL, June 22, 1785 LETTER LXVII. TO JOHN ADAMS, June 23, 1785 LETTER LXVIII. TO COLONEL MONROE, July 5, 1785 LETTER LXIX. TO MRS. SPROWLE, July 5,1785 LETTER LXX. TO JOHN ADAMS, July 7, 1785 LETTER LXXI. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, July 10, 1785 LETTER LXXII. TO THE GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA, July 11, 1785 LETTER LXXIII. TO THE PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS, July 12, 1785 LETTER LXXIV. TO THE VIRGINIA DELEGATES IN CONGRESS, July 12,1785 LETTER LXXV. TO JOHN JAY, July 12,1785 LETTER LXXVI. TO MONSIEUR BRIET, July 13, 1785 LETTER LXXVII. TO MESSRS. FRENCH AND NEPHEW, July 13,1785 LETTER LXXVIII. TO DR. STILES, July 17,1785 LETTER LXXIX. TO JOHN ADAMS, July 28, 1785 LETTER LXXX. TO HOGENDORP, July 29, 1785 LETTER LXXXI. TO MESSRS. N. AND J. VAN STAPHORST, July 30, 1785 LETTER LXXXII. TO JOHN ADAMS, July 31, 1785 LETTER LXXXIII. TO M. DE CASTRIES, August 3,1785 LETTER LXXXIV. TO CAPTAIN JOHN PAUL JONES, August 3,1785 LETTER LXXXV. TO JOHN ADAMS, August 6, 1785 LETTER LXXXVI. TO DR. PRICE, August 7,1785 LETTER LXXXVII. TO JOHN ADAMS, August 10,1785 LETTER LXXXVIII. TO MRS. SPROWLE, August 10, 1785 LETTER LXXXIX. TO CAPTAIN JOHN PAUL JONES, August 13, 1785 LETTER XC. TO MESSRS. BUCHANAN AND HAY, August 13, 1785 LETTER XCI. TO JOHN JAY, August 14, 1785 LETTER XCII. TO THE COUNT DE VERGENNES, August 15, 1785 LETTER XCIII. TO CAPTAIN JOHN PAUL JONES, August 17, 1785 LETTER XCIV. TO WILLIAM CARMICHAEL, August 18, 1785 LETTER XCV. TO PETER CARR LETTER XCVI. TO JOHN PAGE, August 20 1785 LETTER XCVII. TO JOHN JAY, August 23, 1785 LETTER XCVIII. TO COLONEL MONROE, August 28, 1735 LETTER XCIX. TO CAPTAIN JOHN PAUL JONES, August 29,1785 LETTER C. TO JOHN JAY, August 30,1785 LETTER CI. TO JAMES MADISON, September 1,1785 LETTER CII. TO MESSRS. DUMAS AND SHORT, September 1, 1785 LETTER CIII. TO JOHN ADAMS, September 4, 1785 LETTER CIV. TO DAVID HARTLEY, September 5, 1785 LETTER CV. TO BARON GEISMER, September 6, 1785 LETTER CVI. TO JOHN LANGDON, September 11, 1785 LETTER CVII. LISTER ASQUITH, September 14, 1785 LETTER CVIII. TO JOHN ADAMS, September 19, 1785 LETTER CIX. TO JAMES MADISON, September 20, 1785 LETTER CX. TO EDMUND RANDOLPH, September 20,1785 LETTER CXI. TO JOHN ADAMS, September 24, 1785 LETTER CXII. TO JOHN ADAMS, September 24,1785 LETTER CXIII. TO F. HOPKINSON, September 25, 1785 LETTER CXIV. TO LISTER ASQUITH, September 26,1785 LETTER CXV. TO R. IZARD, September 26,1783 LETTER CXVI. TO RICHARD O'BRYAN, September 29, 1785 LETTER CXVII. TO MR. BELLINI, September 30,1785 LETTER CXVIII. JAMES MADISON, October 2, 1785 LETTER CXIX. TO DR. FRANKLIN, October 5,1785 LETTER CXX. TO SAMUEL OSGOOD, October 5, 1785 LETTER CXXI. TO JOHN JAY, October 6, 1785 LETTER CXXII. TO ELBRIDGE GERRY, October 11, 1785 LETTER CXXIII. TO THE COUNT DE VERGENNES, October 11, 1785 LETTER CXXIV. TO JOHN JAY, October 11,1785 LETTER CXXV. TO MESSRS. VAN STAPHORST, October 12, 1785 LETTER CXXVI. TO MONSIEUR DESBORDES, October 12,1785 LETTER CXXVII. TO HOGENDORP, October 13,1785 LETTER CXXVIII. TO J. BANNISTER, JUNIOR, October 15,1785 LETTER CXXIX. TO MR. CARMICHAEL, October 18, 1785 LETTER CXXX. TO MESSRS. VAN STAPHORSTS, October 25,1785 LETTER CXXXI. TO WILLIAM CARMICHAEL, November 4, 1785 LETTER CXXXII. TO RICHARD O'BRYAN, November 4, 1785 LETTER CXXXIII. TO W. W. SEWARD, November 12,1785 LETTER CXXXIV. TO THE COUNT DE VERGENNES, November 14,1785 LETTER CXXXV. TO JOHN ADAMS, November 19, 1785 LETTER CXXXVI. TO THE COUNT DE VERGENNES, November 20, 1785 LETTER CXXXVII. TO LISTER ASQUITH, November 23, 1785 LETTER CXXXVIII. TO JOHN ADAMS, November 27, 1785 LETTER CXXXIX. TO COLONEL HUMPHREYS, December 4,1785 LETTER CXL. TO JOHN ADAMS, December 10, 1785 LETTER CXLI. TO JOHN ADAMS, December 11, 1785 LETTER CXLII. TO THE COUNT DE VERGENNES, December 21, 1785 LETTER CXLIII. TO THE GOVERNOR OF GEORGIA, December 22, 1785 LETTER CXLIV. TO THE GEORGIA DELEGATES IN CONGRESS, Dec. 22, 1785 LETTER CXLV. TO JOHN ADAMS, December 27, 1785 LETTER CXLVI. TO JOHN JAY, January 2,1786 LETTER CXLVII. TO T. HOPKINSON, January 3, 1786 LETTER CXLVIII. TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, January 4, 1786 LETTER CXLIX. TO A. CARY, January 7, 1786 LETTER CL. TO MAJOR GENERAL GREENE, January 12, 1786 LETTER CLI. TO LISTER ASQUITH, January 13, 1786 RE QUESTIONS FOR ECONOMIE POLITIQUE ET DIPLOMATIQUE ARTICLE BY JEFFERSON: 'Etats Unis,' FOR THE Encyclopédie Méthodique LETTER CLII. TO MR. RITTENHOUSE, January 25,1786 LETTER CLIII. TO A. STEWART, January 25, 1786 LETTER CLIV. TO THE COMMISSIONERS OF THE TREASURY, January 26, 1786 LETTER CLV. TO MESSRS. BUCHANAN AND HAY, January 26, 1786 LETTER CLVI. TO JOHN ADAMS, February 7, 1786 LETTER CLVII. TO JAMES MADISON, February 8, 1786 LETTER CLVIII. TO THE MARQUIS DE LA FAYETTE, February 9, 1786 LETTER CLIX. TO MONSIEUR HILLIARD d'AUBERTEUIL, Feb. 20, 1786 LETTER CLX. TO THE COUNT DE VERGENNES, February 28,1786 LETTER CLXI. TO MONSIEUR DE REYNEVAL, March 8, 1786 LETTER CLXII. TO JOHN JAY, March 12, 1786 LETTER CLXIII. TO COLONEL HUMPHREYS, March 14, 1786 APPENDIX. [NOTE A.] TO THE GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA. IN COUNCIL, June 18, 1779 [NOTE B] IN COUNCIL, September 29, 1779. [NOTE C] IN COUNCIL, October 8, 1779. [NOTE D.] FEMALE CONTRIBUTIONS, IN AID OF THE WAR, probably in 1780 [NOTE E.] FROM LORD CORNWALLIS [NOTE F.] TO LORD CORNWALLIS
List of Illustrations
Book Spines, 1829 Set of Jefferson Papers
Steel Engraving by Longacre from Painting of G. Stuart
Titlepage of Volume One (of Four)
Page One of Jefferson's Memoir, Page001
Draft of Declaration Of Independence, Page016
Draft of Declaration Of Independence, Page017
Draft of Declaration Of Independence, Page018
Draft of Declaration Of Independence, Page019
Draft of Declaration Of Independence, Page020
Draft of Declaration Of Independence, Page021
Facsimile of Declaration in Jefferson's Handwriting—p1
Facsimile of Declaration in Jefferson's Handwriting—p2
Facsimile of Declaration in Jefferson's Handwriting—p3
Facsimile of Declaration in Jefferson's Handwriting—p4
Financial Projection, American Embassy Paris, Page068
Acts of King George and Parliament, Page107
Bill for Proportioning Crimes and Punishments, Page120
Bill for Proportioning Crimes and Punishments, Page121
Bill for Proportioning Crimes and Punishments, Page122
Bill for Proportioning Crimes and Punishments, Page123
Bill for Proportioning Crimes and Punishments, Page124
Bill for Proportioning Crimes and Punishments, Page125
Bill for Proportioning Crimes and Punishments, Page126
Bill for Proportioning Crimes and Punishments, Page127
Bill for Proportioning Crimes and Punishments, Page128
Bill for Proportioning Crimes and Punishments, Page129
Bill for Proportioning Crimes and Punishments, Page130
Bill for Proportioning Crimes and Punishments, Page131
Bill for Proportioning Crimes and Punishments, Page132
Bill for Proportioning Crimes and Punishments, Page133
Monetary Arithmetic
Sir Isaac Newton's Assay, Page137
Projected Coin Weights, Page138
Suggested Packet Project, Page251
The Plexi-chronometer, Page391
Population Estimates—1775, Page422
Population Estimates—1785, Page424
PREFACE.
The opinion universally entertained of the extraordinary abilities of Thomas Jefferson, and the signal evidence given by his country, of a profound sense of his patriotic services, and of veneration for his memory, have induced the Editor, who is both his Executor and the Legatee of his Manuscript Papers, to believe that an extensive publication from them would be particularly acceptable to the American people.
The Memoir, contained in the first volume, commences with circumstantial notices of his earliest life; and is continued to his arrival in New York, in March, 1790, when he entered on the duties of the Department of State, of which he had been just appointed Secretary.
From the aspect of the Memoir, it may be presumed that parts of it, at least, had been written for his own and his family's use only; and in a style without the finish of his revising pen. There is, however, no part of it, minute and personal as it may be, which the Reader would wish to have been passed over by the Editor; whilst not a few parts of that description will, by some, be regarded with a particular interest.
The contents of the Memoir, succeeding the biographical pages, may be designated as follows:
I. General facts and anecdotes relating to the origin and early stages of the contest with Great Britain.
II. Historical circumstances relating to the Confederation of the States.
III. Facts and anecdotes, local and general, preliminary to the Declaration of Independence.
IV. An exact account of the circumstances attending that memorable act, in its preparation and its progress through Congress; with a copy from the original draught, in the hand-writing of the Author; and a parallel column, in the same hand, showing the alterations made in the draught by Congress.
The Memoir will be considered not a little enriched by the Debates in Congress, on the great question of Independence, as they were taken down by Mr. Jefferson at the time, and which, though in a compressed form, present the substance of what passed on that memorable occasion. This portion of the work derives peculiar value from its perfect authenticity, being all in the hand-writing of that distinguished member of the body; from the certainty that this is the first disclosure to the world of those Debates; and from the probability, or rather certainty, that a like knowledge of them is not to be expected from any other source. The same remarks are applicable to the Debates in the same Congress, preserved in the same manner, on two of the original Articles of Confederation. The first is the Article fixing the rate of assessing the quotas of supply to the common Treasury: the second is the Article which declares, "that in determining questions, each Colony shall have one vote." The Debates on both are not only interesting in themselves, but curious, also, in relation to like discussions of the same subjects on subsequent occasions.
V. Views of the connections and transactions of the United States with foreign nations, at different periods; particularly, a narrative, with many details, personal and political, of the causes and early course of the French Revolution, as exhibited to the observation of the Author, during his diplomatic residence at Paris. The narrative, with the intermingled reflections on the character and consequences of that Revolution, fills a considerable space in the Memoir, and forms a very important part of it.
VI. Within the body of the Memoir, or referred to as an appendix, are other papers which were thought well entitled to the place they occupy. Among them, are, 1. A paper drawn up in the year 1774, as "Instructions to our Delegates in Congress." Though heretofore in print, it will be new to most readers; and will be regarded by all, as the most ample and precise enumeration of British violations that had then appeared, or, perhaps, that has since been presented in a form at once so compact and so complete. 2. A Penal Code, being part of a Revised Code of Laws, prepared by appointment of the Legislature of Virginia, in 1776, with reference to the Republican form of Government, and to the principles of humanity congenial therewith, and with the improving spirit of the age. Annexed to the several articles, are explanatory and other remarks of the Author, worthy of being preserved by the aid of the press. 3. A historical and critical review of the repeal of the laws establishing the Church in Virginia; which was followed by the "Act for establishing religious freedom." This act, it is well known, was always held by Mr. Jefferson to be one of his best efforts in the cause of liberty, to which he was devoted: and it is certainly the strongest legal barrier that could be erected against a connection between Church and State, so fatal in its tendency to the purity of both. 4. An elaborate paper concerning a Money Unit, prepared in the year 1784, and which laid the foundation of the system adopted by Congress, for a coinage and money of account. For other particulars, not here noted, the Reader is referred to the volume itself.
The termination of the Memoir, at the date mentioned, by the Author, may be explained by the laborious tasks assumed or not declined by him, on his return to private life; which, with his great age, did not permit him to reduce his materials into a state proper to be embodied in such a work.
The other volumes contain, I. Letters from 1775, to his death, addressed to a very great variety of individuals; and comprising a range of information, and, in many instances, regular essays, on subjects of History, Politics, Science, Morals, and Religion. The letters to him are omitted, except in a very few instances, where it was supposed their publication would be generally acceptable, from the important character of the communication, or the general interest in the views of the writer; or where the whole or a part of a letter had been filed for the better understanding of the answer.
In these cases, such letters are inserted in the body of the work, or in an appendix, as their importance, and connection with the subject discussed by the author, rendered advisable. And where inferences from the tenor of the answer, might in any way affect the correspondent, his name does not appear in the copy filed. The historical parts of the letters, and the entire publication, have the rare value of coming from one of the chief actors himself, and of being written, not for the public eye, but in the freedom and confidence of private friendship.
II. Notes of conversations, whilst Secretary of State, with President Washington, and others high in office; and memoranda of Cabinet Councils, committed to paper on the spot, and filed; the whole, with the explanatory and miscellaneous additions, showing the views and tendencies of parties, from the year 1789 to 1800.
Appended to the publication, is a 'Facsimile' of the rough draught of the Declaration of Independence, in which will be seen the erasures, interlineations, and additions of Dr. Franklin and Mr. Adams, two of the appointed Committee, in the handwriting of each.
The Editor, though he cannot be insensible to the genius, the learning, the philosophic inspiration, the generous devotion to virtue, and the love of country, displayed in the writings now committed to the press, is restrained, not less by his incompetency, than by his relation to the Author, from dwelling on themes which belong to an eloquence that can do justice to the names of illustrious benefactors to their country and to their fellow men.
Albemarle, Va., January, 1829.
MEMOIR.
January 6, 1821. At the age of 77, I begin to make some memoranda, and state some recollections of dates and facts concerning myself, for my own more ready reference, and for the information of my family.
The tradition in my father's family was, that their ancestor came to this country from Wales, and from near the mountain of Snowden, the highest in Great Britain. I noted once a case from Wales, in the law reports, where a person of our name was either plaintiff or defendant; and one of the same name was secretary to the Virginia Company. These are the only instances in which I have met with the name in that country. I have found it in our early records; but the first particular information I have of any ancestor was of my grandfather, who lived at the place in Chesterfield called Ozborne's, and owned the lands afterwards the glebe of the parish. He had three sons; Thomas who died young, Field who settled on the waters of Roanoke and left numerous descendants, and Peter, my father, who settled on the lands I still own, called Shadwell, adjoining my present residence. He was born February 29, 1707-8, and intermarried 1739, with Jane Randolph, of the age of 19, daughter of Isham Randolph, one of the seven sons of that name and family settled at Dungeoness in Goochland. They trace their pedigree far back in England and Scotland, to which let every one ascribe the faith and merit he chooses.
My father's education had been quite neglected; but being of a strong mind, sound judgment, and eager after information, he read much and improved himself, insomuch that he was chosen, with Joshua Fry, professor of Mathematics in William and Mary college, to continue the boundary line between Virginia and North Carolina, which had been begun by Colonel Byrd; and was afterwards employed with the same Mr. Fry, to make the first map of Virginia which had ever been made, that of Captain Smith being merely a conjectural sketch. They possessed excellent materials for so much of the country as is below the Blue Ridge; little being then known beyond that Ridge. He was the third or fourth settler, about the year 1737, of the part of the country in which I live. He died August 17th, 1757, leaving my mother a widow, who lived till 1776, with six daughters and two sons, myself the elder. To my younger brother he left his estate on James river, called Snowden, after the supposed birth-place of the family: to myself, the lands on which I was born and live. He placed me at the English school at five years of age; and at the Latin at nine, where I continued until his death. My teacher, Mr. Douglas, a clergyman from Scotland, with the rudiments of the Latin and Greek languages, taught me the French; and on the death of my father, I went to the Reverend Mr. Maury, a correct classical scholar, with whom I continued two years; and then, to wit, in the spring of 1760, went to William and Mary college, where I continued two years. It was my great good fortune, and what probably fixed the destinies of my life, that Dr. William Small of Scotland was then professor of Mathematics, a man profound in most of the useful branches of science, with a happy talent of communication, correct and gentlemanly manners, and an d and liberal mind. He, most happily for me, became soon attached to me, and made me his daily companion when not engaged in the school; and from his conversation I got my first views of the expansion of science, and of the system of things in which we are placed. Fortunately, the philosophical chair became vacant soon after my arrival at college, and he was appointed to fill it per interim: and he was the first who ever gave, in that college, regular lectures in Ethics, Rhetoric, and Belles lettres. He returned to Europe in 1762, having previously filled up the measure of his goodness to me, by procuring for me, from his most intimate friend George Wythe, a reception as a student of Law, under his direction, and introduced me to the acquaintance and familiar table of Govenor Fauquier, the ablest man who had ever filled that office. With him, and at his table, Dr. Small and Mr. Wythe, his amici omnium horarum, and myself, formed a partie quarrée, and to the habitual conversations on these occasions I owed much instruction. Mr. Wythe continued to be my faithful and beloved Mentor in youth, and my most affectionate friend through life. In 1767, he led me into the practice of the law at the bar of the General Court, at which I continued until the Revolution shut up the courts of justice.*
* For a sketch of the life and character of Mr. Wythe, see
my letter of August 31, 1820, to Mr. John Saunderson. [See
Appendix, note A.]
In 1769, I became a member of the legislature by the choice of the county in which I live, and so continued until it was closed by the Revolution. I made one effort in that body for the permission of the emancipation of slaves, which was rejected: and indeed, during the regal government, nothing liberal could expect success. Our minds were circumscribed within narrow limits, by an habitual belief that it was our duty to be subordinate to the mother country in all matters of government, to direct all our labors in subservience to her interests, and even to observe a bigoted intolerance for all religions but hers. The difficulties with our representatives were of habit and despair, not of reflection and conviction. Experience soon proved that they could bring their minds to rights, on the first summons of their attention. But the King's Council, which acted as another house of legislature, held their places at will, and were in most humble obedience to that will: the Governor too, who had a negative on our laws, held by the same tenure, and with still greater devotedness to it: and, last of all, the Royal negative closed the last door to every hope of melioration.
On the 1st of January, 1772, I was married to Martha Skelton, widow of Bathurst Skelton, and daughter of John Wayles, then twenty-three years old. Mr. Wayles was a lawyer of much practice, to which he was introduced more by his great industry, punctuality and practical readiness, than by eminence in the science of his profession. He was a most agreeable companion, full of pleasantry and good humor, and welcomed in every society. He acquired a handsome fortune, and died in May, 1773, leaving three daughters: the portion which came on that event to Mrs. Jefferson, after the debts should be paid, which were very considerable, was about equal to my own patrimony, and consequently doubled the ease of our circumstances.
When the famous Resolutions of 1765, against the Stamp-act, were proposed, I was yet a student of law in Williamsburg. I attended the debate, however, at the door of the lobby of the House of Burgesses, and heard the splendid display of Mr. Henry's talents as a popular orator. They were great indeed; such as I have never heard from any other man. He appeared to me, to speak as Homer wrote. Mr. Johnson, a lawyer, and member from the Northern Neck, seconded the resolutions, and by him the learning and logic of the case were chiefly maintained. My recollections of these transactions may be seen page 60 of the "Life of Patrick Henry," by Wirt, to whom I furnished them.
In May, 1769, a meeting of the General Assembly was called by the Governor, Lord Botetourt. I had then become a member; and to that meeting became known the joint resolutions and address of the Lords and Commons of 1768-9, on the proceedings in Massachusetts. Counter-resolutions, and an address to the King by the House of Burgesses, were agreed to with little opposition, and a spirit manifestly displayed itself of considering the cause of Massachusetts as a common one. The Governor dissolved us: but we met the next day in the Apollo* of the Raleigh tavern, formed ourselves into a voluntary convention, drew up articles of association against the use of any merchandise imported from Great Britain, signed and recommended them to the people, repaired to our several counties, and were re-elected without any other exception than of the very few who had declined assent to our proceedings.
* The name of a public room in the Raleigh.
Nothing of particular excitement occurring for a considerable time, our countrymen seemed to fall into a state of insensibility to our situation; the duty on tea, not yet repealed, and the declaratory act of a right in the British Parliament, to bind us by their laws in all cases whatsoever, still suspended over us. But a court of inquiry held in Rhode Island in 1762, with a power to send persons to England to be tried for offences committed here, was considered, at our session of the spring of 1773, as demanding attention. Not thinking our old and leading members up to the point of forwardness and zeal which the times required, Mr. Henry, Richard Henry Lee, Francis L. Lee, Mr. Carr, and myself agreed to meet in the evening, in a private room of the Raleigh, to consult on the state of things. There may have been a member or two more whom I do not recollect. We were all sensible that the most urgent of all measures was that of coming to an understanding with all the other colonies, to consider the British claims as a common cause to all, and to produce a unity of action: and for this purpose that a committee of correspondence in each colony would be the best instrument for intercommunication: and that their first measure would probably be, to propose a meeting of deputies from every colony, at some central place, who should be charged with the direction of the measures which should be taken by all. We therefore drew up the resolutions which may be seen in Wirt, page 87. The consulting members proposed to me to move them, but I urged that it should be done by Mr. Carr, my friend and brother-in-law, then a new member, to whom I wished an opportunity should be given of making known to the house his great worth and talents. It was so agreed; he moved them, they were agreed to nem. con. and a committee of correspondence appointed, of whom Peyton Randolph, the speaker, was chairman.
The Governor (then Lord Dunmore) dissolved us, but the committee met the next day, prepared a circular letter to the speakers, of the other colonies, inclosing to each a copy of the resolutions, and left it in charge with their chairman to forward them by expresses.
The origination of these committees of correspondence between the colonies, has been since claimed for Massachusetts, and Marshall * has given in to this error, although the very note of his appendix to which he refers, shows that their establishment was confined to their own towns. This matter will be seen clearly stated in a letter of Samuel Adams Wells to me of April 2nd, 1819, and my answer of May 12th. I was corrected by the letter of Mr. Wells in the information I had given Mr. Wirt, as stated in his note, page 87, that the messengers of Massachusetts and Virginia crossed each other on the way, bearing similar propositions; for Mr. Wells shows that Massachusetts did not adopt the measure, but on the receipt of our proposition, delivered at their next session. Their message, therefore, which passed ours, must have related to something else, for I well remember Peyton Randolph's informing me of the crossing of our messengers. **
* Life of Washington, vol. ii. p. 151.
** See Appendix, note B.
The next event which excited our sympathies for Massachusetts, was the Boston port bill, by which that port was to be shut up on the 1st of June, 1774. This arrived while we were in session in the spring of that year. The lead in the House, on these subjects, being no longer left to the old members, Mr. Henry, R. H. Lee, Fr. L. Lee, three or four other members, whom I do not recollect, and myself, agreeing that we must boldly take an unequivocal stand in the line with Massachusetts, determined to meet and consult on the proper measures, in the council chamber, for the benefit of the library in that room. We were under conviction of the necessity of arousing our people from the lethargy into which they had fallen, as to passing events; and thought that the appointment of a day of general fasting and prayer, would be most likely to call up and alarm their attention. No example of such a solemnity had existed since the days of our distress in the war of '55, since which a new generation had grown up. With the help, therefore, of Rushworth, whom we rummaged over for the revolutionary precedents and forms of the Puritans of that day, preserved by him, we cooked up a resolution, somewhat modernizing their phrases, for appointing the 1st day of June, on which the port bill was to commence, for a day of fasting, humiliation, and prayer, to implore Heaven to avert from us the evils of civil war, to inspire us with firmness in support of our rights, and to turn the hearts of the King and Parliament to moderation and justice. To give greater emphasis to our proposition, we agreed to wait the next morning on Mr. Nicholas, whose grave and religious character was more in unison with the tone of our resolution, and to solicit him to move it. We accordingly went to him in the morning. He moved it the same day; the 1st of June was proposed; and it passed without opposition. The Governor dissolved us, as usual. We retired to the Apollo, as before, agreed to an association, and instructed the committee of correspondence to propose to the corresponding committees of the other colonies, to appoint deputies to meet in Congress at such place, annually, as should be convenient, to direct, from time to time, the measures required by the general interest: and we declared that an attack on any one colony should be considered as an attack on the whole. This was in May. We further recommended to the several counties to elect deputies to meet at Williamsburg, the 1st of August ensuing, to consider the state of the colony, and particularly to appoint delegates to a general Congress, should that measure be acceded to by the committees of correspondence generally. It was acceded to; Philadelphia was appointed for the place, and the 5th of September for the time of meeting. We returned home, and in our several counties invited the clergy to meet assemblies of the people on the 1st of June, to perform the ceremonies of the day, and to address to them discourses suited to the occasion. The people met generally, with anxiety and alarm in their countenances, and the effect of the day, through the whole colony, was like a shock of electricity, arousing every man and placing him erect and solidly on his centre. They chose, universally, delegates for the convention. Being elected one for my own county, I prepared a draught of instructions to be given to the delegates whom we should send to the Congress, which I meant to propose at our meeting. [See Appendix, note C.] In this I took the ground that, from the beginning, I had thought the only one orthodox or tenable, which was, that the relation between Great Britain and these colonies was exactly the same as that of England and Scotland, after the accession of James and until the union, and the same as her present relations with Hanover, having the same executive chief, but no other necessary political connection; and that our emigration from England to this country gave her no more rights over us, than the emigrations of the Danes and Saxons gave to the present authorities of the mother country, over England. In this doctrine, however, I had never been able to get any one to agree with me but Mr. Wythe. He concurred in it from the first dawn of the question, What was the political relation between us and England? Our other patriots, Randolph, the Lees, Nicholas, Pendleton, stopped at the half-way house of John Dickinson, who admitted that England had a right to regulate our commerce, and to lay duties on it for the purposes of regulation, but not of raising revenue. But for this ground there was no foundation in compact, in any acknowledged principles of colonization, nor in reason: expatriation being a natural right, and acted on as such, by all nations, in all ages. I set out for Williamsburg some days before that appointed for the meeting, but taken ill of a dysentery on the road, and was unable to proceed, I sent on, therefore, to Williamsburg two copies of my draught, the one under cover to Peyton Randolph, who I knew would be in the of the convention, the other to Patrick Henry. Whether Mr. Henry disapproved the ground taken, or was too lazy to read it (for he was the laziest man in reading I ever knew) I never learned: but he communicated it to nobody. Peyton Randolph informed the convention he had received such a paper from a member, prevented by sickness from offering it in his place, and he laid it on the table for perusal. It was read generally by the members, approved by many, though thought too bold for the present state of things; but they printed it in pamphlet form, under the title of 'A Summary View of the Rights of British America.' It found its way to England, was taken up by the opposition, interpolated a little by Mr. Burke so as to make it answer opposition purposes, and in that form ran rapidly through several editions. This information I had from Parson Hurt, who happened at the time to be in London, whither he had gone to receive clerical orders; and I was informed afterwards by Peyton Randolph, that it had procured me the honor of having my name inserted in a long list of proscriptions, enrolled in a bill of attainder commenced in one of the Houses of Parliament, but suppressed in embryo by the hasty step of events, which warned them to be a little cautious. Montague, agent of the House of Burgesses in England, made extracts from the bill, copied the names, and sent them to Peyton Randolph. The names I think were about twenty, which he repeated to me, but I recollect those only of Hancock, the two Adamses, Peyton Randolph himself, Patrick Henry, and myself.* The convention met on the 1st of August, renewed their association, appointed delegates to the Congress, gave them instructions very temperately and properly expressed, both as to style and matter; ** and they repaired to Philadelphia at the time appointed. The splendid proceedings of that Congress, at their first session, belong to general history, are known to every one, and need not therefore be noted here. They terminated their session on the 26th of October, to meet again on the 10th of May ensuing. The convention, at their ensuing session of March '75, approved of the proceedings of Congress, thanked their delegates, and reappointed the same persons to represent the colony at the meeting to be held in May: and foreseeing the probability that Peyton Randolph, their president, and speaker also of the House of Burgesses, might be called off, they added me, in that event, to the delegation.
* See Girardin's History of Virginia, Appendix No. 12. note.
** See Appendix, note D.